Inferno Essay Example For Students

: Inferno Essay : Inferno Dantes Inferno was an extraordinary epic sonnet of the early Renaissance. It was known for its shrewd editorial on political and strict levels, both profoundly woven into the work through moral story. Inferno, written in 1314 by Dante Alighieri, was the principal canticle of the Divine Comedy. Dante considered it a parody both due to its cheerful completion and its style, which lies between that of the catastrophe and that of the elegy.(Vossler, 665) Although most regarded scholars of the time wrote in Latin, Dante composed the Divine Comedy in the vernacular Italian language so the regular man could understand it. The way that this perfect work of art was written in the vernacular raised Italian as the composed language of their new age. From the hopelessness and defilement encompassing him in his cherished Florence, he composed the satire since he wished to demonstrate the way to goodness, the salvation of the human spirit guided by both explanation and heavenly elegance. (Vossler, 665) Dante planned the work to be perused on three levels: exacting, metaphorical, and moral. The work was basically written in eleven syllable lines assembled in threes to make interlocking tercets. The rhyme conspire that he made f! or on the other hand this is called terza rima(Vossler, 664), which shapes the words in the example aba-bcb-cdc-ded, etc. These are assembled into applied units of 150 lines each, called cantos. The whole Divine Comedy has one hundred cantos, comprising of one basic canto and three head divisions(Vossler, 664) or canticles of thirty-three cantos each. In the spring of 1265 Dante was destined to a humble respectable Florentine family called Alighieri. Despite the fact that they were aristocrats, the family had lost its wealth and high social height through the ages. His mom passed on when he was youthful and his dad isn't frequently referenced. He got cautious training, albeit little of it is known exactly. His familys unassuming social standing didn't keep him from seeking after his examinations. Dante most likely considered talk with the researcher Brunetto Latini, from whom he says that he figured out how a man becomes eternal(Inferno XV line 85). As a youngster, Dante to a great extent showed himself how to compose stanza, yet he additionally concentrated with the extraordinary troubadours of Florence, keeping in touch with them and coursing his own affection verses. In 1295 he started a functioning open life, and inside a couple of years he turned into a significant figure in Florentine governmental issues. He joined the Guild of Physicians and Apothecaries so as to take part in government. Dantes time was one of incredible unsteadiness. Somewhere in the range of 1215 and 1278 the Guelfs, with whom Dante sided, and the Ghibellines of Florence had occupied with an unpleasant battle for power, the contention spinning around the Ghibellines favor of a medieval privileged. The Guelfs at last won. Around 1300, be that as it may, the Guelf party split into two antagonistic groups: the Blacks and the Whites. The Blacks, the dedicated Guelfs, stayed in charge. The Whites in the end connected themselves with the Ghibellines. Dante, in the mean time, battled to protect the autonomy of Florence, and more than once contradicted the plans of Pope Boniface VIII, who needed to put Florence heavily influenced by the congregation. By exploiting the agitation in Florence, Boniface endeavored to assume responsibility for the city and subvert his adversaries by promising assurance to the individuals who showed some compassion for his cause.(Bergin, 8). In the mid year of 1300, Dante, as one of the six judges of Florence, restricted Boniface! . To show his disappointment Boniface needed to ban the individuals. Dante was spared from this destiny simply because his term of office was going to terminate. The occasions, notwithstanding, just served to compound his effectively antagonistic assessment of Boniface. In 1301, Boniface brought Charles of Valois and his military to Italy endeavoring to kill antichurch powers in Florence. .u93a8a904c6ed4b87d401792f38aecac1 , .u93a8a904c6ed4b87d401792f38aecac1 .postImageUrl , .u93a8a904c6ed4b87d401792f38aecac1 .focused content region { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u93a8a904c6ed4b87d401792f38aecac1 , .u93a8a904c6ed4b87d401792f38aecac1:hover , .u93a8a904c6ed4b87d401792f38aecac1:visited , .u93a8a904c6ed4b87d401792f38aecac1:active { border:0!important; } .u93a8a904c6ed4b87d401792f38aecac1 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u93a8a904c6ed4b87d401792f38aecac1 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; haziness: 1; progress: mistiness 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u93a8a904c6ed4b87d401792f38aecac1:active , .u93a8a904c6ed4b87d401792f38aecac1:hover { obscurity: 1; change: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u93a8a904c6ed4b87d401792f38aecac1 .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relative; } .u93a8a904c6ed4b87d401792f38aecac1 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-design: underline; } .u93a8a904c6ed4b87d401792f38aecac1 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u93a8a904c6ed4b87d401792f38aecac1 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-tallness: 26px; moz-outskirt range: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-adornment: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .u93a8a904c6ed4b87d401792f38aecac1:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u93a8a904c6ed4b87d401792f38aec ac1 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u93a8a904c6ed4b87d401792f38aecac1-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u93a8a904c6ed4b87d401792f38aecac1:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Personal: Classroom Observation Essay It was as of now that Dante was sent as one of three emissaries in the interest of the collective to the pope,(Bergin, 12) so as to demand a change in ecclesiastical approach toward the city. After the discussions, Dante was held and during his nonappearance Charles of Valois entered Florence. The Blacks arranged an insurgency and oversaw the region. Dante came back to end up ousted on puffed-up charges of theft, resistance to the pope and his powers, unsettling influence of the tranquility of Florence,(Bergin 13) and various different offenses. Dante consistently felt that his troubles had been achieved by the cunning of Boniface, and this additional to his constantly weak assessment of him. At the point when Dante would not reply to the charges against him, and when he didn't pay the fine required for his violations, a subsequent sentence was forced: should he ever re! go to the collective, he would be seized and consumed alive.(Bergin 17) There is no proof that Dante at any point saw Florence again.In Dantes Inferno the two most distinctive moral stories are those of his excursion as Everyman, and his editorial on the individuals and occasions of his time. In the primary line, Dante stirs in obscurity wood representing the excursion that each spirit must make for salvation. Halfway along these lines of life were bound upon,/I woke to end up in a dim wood,(Inferno I lines 1-2). The dim wood less speaks to a particular sin or depravity, yet increasingly an otherworldly state called the hardness of the heart(Freccero 172) in which evil has so taken the ownership of the spirit as to render it unequipped for going to God, or atoning. As Dante begins on his excursion he endeavors to ascend the mountain whereupon he sees the suns sparkling, while behind him there is just the night. This rising is way a spirit takes to God once it is liberated from transgression. His state of hardness of the heart make the best possible way up the mountain inaccessible. As he attempts to ascend straight up the mountain, three brutes square ! his way: a panther, a lion, and a she-wolf. These monsters are said to have a twofold imagery. Symbolically, the panther is common delight, politically it is the city of Florence, so given to common pursuits,(Freccero 174); the lion is desire, politically the imperial place of France, which tried to govern Italy,(Freccero 174); at last, the she-wolf represents insatiability, and politically is the papacy(Freccero 174) which Dante saw as an eager strict substance looking for increasingly more mainstream power. The non-political implications of every monster hinder his way for salvation. Among the different strict and political purposeful anecdotes, Dante weaves in a portion of his own common perspectives. Similarly as Dante goes through the entryways of hellfire and enters the Vestibule, he begins to perceive the essences of spirits. Since the Vestibule is the domain of those with the wary weakness for which no choice is ever final,(Sayers 89), Dante discovers Pope Celestine V. He says I saw and perceived/The quitter soul of the man who made/The incomparable refusal;(Inferno III lines 59-61). The extraordinary refusal he referenced is regarding when Celestine surrendered the papacy following 5 months since he couldnt handle the weight. Dante is particularly severe towards Celestine, on the grounds that Pope Boniface VIII was picked to have his spot after he left. Pope Boniface VIII had his place in Dantes heck, as well. Dante goes through the Eighth Circle of Hell, which is by and large saw as the City in defilement: the dynamic breaking down of each social relationship, individual and public.(Sayers 185). The third bowge is the domain of the simoniacs, ones who have submitted the transgression of selling positions inside the congregation. .uc6f0fe85f1b1f1914cc5ed4e3f28d4bf , .uc6f0fe85f1b1f1914cc5ed4e3f28d4bf .postImageUrl ,

Research Proposal Essay

Mentioning authorization to lead a report to decide â€Å"Local tourist’s awareness towards the travel industry of Bangladesh† Dear Sir, We have the delight to recognize that Research Methodology has been seen as a fascinating course by us all, with the advantage of being under your watch. For part satisfaction of the prerequisites in your course, you have alloted us a report, through which we can have the functional experience of leading exploration report, which will help us a great deal in future. According to the necessity, we have decided to lead a report intended to check, â€Å"Local tourist’s awareness towards the travel industry of Bangladesh† We accept that picking a point, for example, this will assist us with learning a great deal about Human Resource Management. We, thus request your caring consent to deal with this point. We trust that our report will help to settle on the solid choice and satisfy your hopes. Bangladesh has heaps of the travel industry spots however the greater part of them are unexplored by the nearby individuals, on account of the lacking data. Government and Parjatan Corporation both are not worry about this division. So,accurate data, notice or some other limited time exercises are not given by the position to draw in neighborhood individuals. Transport, convenience, cost and security are additionally significant factor to the everyday citizens. To build up this area the authority should find a way to pull in individuals, for example, they can give data focuses, they can orchestrate reasonable, can give TV ad additionally in the printing media. These days web promotion is likewise accessible to draw in individuals. Entirely endeavoring these means government just can't pull in nearby individuals yet in addition can win enormous income. Issue Identification: Bangladesh can possibly pull in individuals visiting our nation. The travel industry is one of them. Many creating nations pick the travel industry as one of their acquiring source. In our nation the travel industry is neglected to pull in the nearby individuals. The deficient data communities, absence of ad and limited time exercises make individuals impartial from this industry. Aside from this expense and security is likewise a major factor. The less awareness of Parjatan Corporation and government is a lot of answerable for it. This examination would be centered around the travel industry of Bangladesh and it will be a door to comprehend the different persuasive and de-inspirational parts of the travel industry and help them to make a good visitor arranged condition and system. This exploration is directed to recognize the issues which neighborhood individuals face at the hour of visiting better place. Writing audit: Bangladesh is found advantageously on the east-west air-hallway making it a portal to the Far East. It is enriched with assets and the potential for a travel industry. In the south-east the nation has a 120 Km long sea shore of delicate shiny sand, maybe the world’s longest, in a Riviera-like setting with sickle formed low slopes neglecting the Bay of Bengal. The scopes of the slopes clad in rich green bushes are loved areas for eco-travelers and natural life watchers. At the leader of this territory is Cox’s Bazaar which is as sentimental as its name is to the outside world. The slope areas toward the north and north-east of Cox’s Bazaar settle the Kaptai and Rangamati lakes, a 840 sq. m assemblage of perfectly clear water lying in foresty shadows not a long way from where twelve slope clans follow their conventional ways of life. The Tea District of Sylhet in the far north-east of the nation has possibilities of the travel industry, as does the Sundarbans, a huge mangrove timberland in the South which is home of the Bengal tiger; stays of royal residences of old realms andarchaeological destinations of Buddhist cloisters. Sanctums and sacred spots, mosques and sanctuaries, especially in the northern piece of the nation, are among the visitor fortunes of Bangladesh. The acuurate meaning of Tourism is as yet unsolved. The term Tourism could be seen from various edges like financial, administrative, promoting, social, and natural, etc ( Rashidul, 1988). The travel industry can be grouped into a few particular classes. They would incorporate occasion travel, visiting companions and family members ( VFR), business travel, wellbeing treatment, shopping, meeting, motivator travel, official strategic, sports and others travel ( Malaysia Tourism Promotion Board, 2004). The travel industry is the transitory, transient development of individuals to goal outside the spots where they typically live and work and their exercises during the stay at every goal. It incorporates developments for all reasons (Tourism Society of England, 1976). The travel industry is a unique and complex industry and its advancement must be immediate everywhere number of individuals in different terrains of various financial structures having various necessities, tests, perspectives, desires and standards of conduct. There for arranging powerful showcasing special system must infiltrate in the people groups tastes and inclinations (Shafi, 1985). (Afjal et al. 2005) recognized outside tourists’ disposition toward administration item game plan, channel of conveyance, cost of the travel industry item and administrations and special course of action. He additionally demonstrated promoting imperatives that influence the demeanor of the outside vacationers. He suggests that Bangladesh the travel industry ought to orchestrate its showcasing blend components such that achieve inspirational perspectives of the remote voyagers and guarantee development of the nation. The travel industry in Bangladesh lacks a strong balance to â€Å"taken off†. Shockingly, since its freedom in 1971 after a staggering war of freedom, Bangladesh has gotten exposure about negative episodes like characteristic disasters, typhoons, floods and plagues, in the worldwide media, and this unfavorably influenced global traveler streams to the nation. The pattern seems to have proceeded lately. Measurements indicating outside traveler appearances for a long time to July 2006 is introduced in add table 1. For three successive years up to 2006, there has been empowering yearly development in global traveler appearances. It is normal that the development rate would additionally increment in the coming years. It is likewise expected that eco-sightseers and extraordinary intrigue travelers will progressively pick Bangladesh as one of their goals. Visit administrators of the nation are required to heighten their endeavors to acquire more gatherings and bundle visits. So as to create vacationer items, the nation has just started improvement of a subsequent ocean resort at Kuakata, an alf-day trip from the Sundarbans. As appeared in attach table 2 which shows the nationality of traveler appearances, India is the top vacationer producing nation for Bangladesh, firmly followed by United Kingdom and the United States of America. Patterns for in bound the travel industry from customary traveler advertise zones like Germany, France and the Scandinavian nations seem, by all accounts, to be certain . Bangladesh can rely on a â€Å"favored nation† status regarding traveler appearances from Japan. Research Objective: Broad Objective The goal of the examination report was to evaluate nearby tourist’s demeanor towards the travel industry of Bangladesh. In light of the assessment of nearby individuals we attempted to bring up for which reason they are not intrigued about our travel industry area and what procedures ought to be taken to advance the business. Explicit Objective †¢ To give a general thought regarding the travel industry area. †¢ To discover diverse positive advances taken by porjatan organization. †¢ To decide those key elements which are liable for achievement of the travel industry Research Methodology: †¢ Primary Sources: Data utilized in this report has been gathered from both essential and optional sources. Essential information were gathered for the most part through the writer’s perception of the endorsement procedure and research strategies, casual meetings of the particular populaces. †¢ Secondary Source: Majority of the data were gathered from the auxiliary sources, which incorporate books, distributions, understanding materials, Information brochures, sites. Respondents and testing methodology: †¢ Sample size The review poll comprises of 14 (fourteen) example addresses that was utilized to assess 50 clients. Test size was resolved through the methodology dependent on certainty level and exactness rate. †¢ Population size All the individuals in Bangladesh would be the objective clients of the travel industry. That’s why all resident of Bangladesh are our populace size. †¢ Sample outline Sample determination is a piece of test outline. Test outline is containing a List of the Particulars pretty much all the things of a Population. It is set up with the end goal of encouraging me to choose required Samples. Test determination: As study was to be directed, an underlying arrangement for separated examining was planned. The respondents were to be picked from the AIUB MBA Student. †¢ Sample strategy Based on the Methodologies, as a specialist we have drawn Samples based on non arbitrary examining procedures. In this report we have experienced all the non-irregular examining methods like Purposive/Judgmental, Quota Sampling, Convenience Sampling Limitation: Every issue has got some impediment. So this is additionally not a special case. The confinements of this report are been satiated beneath: ? Adequate records, distributions, raw numbers are not accessible. These obliges limited the extent of genuine investigation. ? Not having an exact the travel industry database that caused exercise in futility. ? It is very hard to finish for such assignments program for five people in a specific time limit. ? There was time impediment for this examination venture. That made hard to get all data. In spite of the fact that there are a few impediments we have attempted our best to gather satisfactory d

The Infolinks is best Legit Contextual Advertising Platform

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Security Is The Most Imperative Venture Toward Better...

1. ABSTRACT: After thirty years of work on PC security, why are every one of the frameworks in administration today to a great degree defenseless to assault? The fundamental reason is that security is costly to set up and an aggravation to run, so individuals judge as a matter of fact how little of it they can escape with. Since there s been little harm, individuals conclude that they needn t bother with much security. Likewise, setting it up is so confused that it s barely ever done right. While we anticipate a disaster, less difficult setup is the most imperative venture toward better security. In a disseminated framework with no focal administration like the Internet, security requires an unmistakable tale about who is trusted for†¦show more content†¦Notwithstanding these triumphs, it appears to be reasonable to say that in a flat out sense, the security of the a huge number of conveyed PC frameworks is loathsome: a decided and equipped assailant could pulverize the majority of the data on just about any of these frameworks, or take it from any framework that is associated with a system. Surprisingly more dreadful, the assailant could do this to a large number of frameworks on the double. Then again, very little damage is really being done by assaults on these unstable frameworks. A few times a year an email infection, for example, I cherish you contaminates a million on the other hand two machines, and daily papers print excessive assessments of the harm it does, yet these are minor inconveniences. There is no precise information about the expense of disappointments in PC security. From one viewpoint, the vast majority of them are never made open inspired by a paranoid fear of shame. On the other, when an open episode occurs, the security specialists also, merchants of antivirus programming that discussion to the media have each motivation to incredibly overstate its expenses. In any case, cash talks. Numerous merchants of security have learned to their misgiving that despite the fact that individuals gripe about deficient security, they won t spend much cash, penance numerous elements, or endure much drawback all together to enhance it. This firmly proposes terrible security is not by any

Success By Malcolm Gladwell - 1598 Words

In society, there is a common misconception that success simply arises from a combination of an individual s innate talent and drive to acquire success. However, in the book Outliers-The Story of Success by Malcolm Gladwell, Gladwell introduces a new and different perspective of the foundation of success, and proposes that other factors contribute to and can even determine the likelihood of someone succeeding. Aspects such as hidden advantages, upbringing, timing, and cultural legacies play a significant role in how well one will do in this world. The outliers of society are the individuals who, because of their chance opportunities, have cultivated their inner talents and abilities to become successful. 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He asserts that there is no such thing as a self-made man and success does not come from natural talent, rather it comes from extraordinary opportunities and hidden advantages. In Outliers, Gladwell attempts to debunk the myth that people are successful because of themselves, and not because of other factors. Even Malcolm Gladwell acknowledges that

An Observation of The Aeneid, Book II Essay Example For Students

An Observation of The Aeneid, Book II Essay The Romans, unlike the Greeks were not gifted in abstract thought. They constructed no original system of philosophy, invented no major literary forms, and made no scientific discoveries. Yet, they excelled in the art of government and empire building, they created a workable world-state and developed skills in administration, law, and practical affairs. In the Punic Wars, the Roman republic defeated the Carthaginians in North Africa and Rome inherited the Pergamene Kingdom from the last of the Attalids in 133 B.C. Rome became heir to the legacy of the Hellenistic world of the Greeks. The Hellenistic period which lasted 300 years in is noted by the death of Alexander in 323 B.C. It is marked by its rich, sophisticated and diverse culture.Many Romans were eager to merge with this Greek culture in order to exhibit the dominance of their rule over conquered societies. This exhibition of dominance was the primary motivation of the Roman desire to possess fine works of Greek Art. Whereas, other Romans, were convinced that the pursuit of the assimilation of foreign cultures would only harm the republic. During this time, much social disintegration and unhindered individualism threatened political stability. However, the adoption of Greek art for Roman needs was very popular.An educated Roman was well versed in the history of Greek Art and was socially compelled to collect Greek art for personal embellishment.The modernization of the old Sanctuary of Fortuna Primigenia is an example of the new Roman attitude toward art and architecture as Greek artists migrated in vast numbers to the new capital of the world. Roman generals and their quest to establish Rome as the new unchallenged capital of the world justified the expense of replanning the old sanctuary. This accomplishment would bring them personal glory and uplift the majestic status of Roman people. Roman architecture benefited as the citys wealth grew as other leaders contributed to the expansion of new monuments.Lucias Cornelius Sculla, (82-78 B.C.) led the Romans is Social War and later became dictator and master of the city of Rome. He brought Corinthian columns form the temple of Olympian Zeus in Athens to renew the shrine of the Roman Jupiter in the capital. This act symbolized the transferal of spiritual power from the aristocracy of the Senate to autocratic leaders, and art began to be shaped by their preferences. This satisfied the Roman desire for grandiose architecture by being the model of Hellenistic majestic ornate style. The first leader to resolve the conflict of this desire for ;magnificence beyond anything the world had ever seen; and the moralistic fear that Greek art was ;corrupting Roman virtues; was Augustus Caesar. He used art as imperialistic treasures with his building program. Some examples of his architecture are; the Forum, Council House and Temple of Apollo on the Palatine. These examples illustrate effectively the might and grandeur of the Roman Empire. The reign of Augustus brought forth the mindfulness of other art forms, such as literature.Virgil (70-19 B.C.), was a Roman poet, who wrote the great epic poem, the Aeneid (30-19 B.C.) during the last ten years his life. This masterpiece contained 12 books, and was written in dedication and praise to the glories of Augustus and his empire. It celebrated the Roman imperial values in the role of its Trojan hero Aeneas, who is destined to found a new city in Italy. Virgil was patronized by Maecenas on behalf of Octavian (later the emperor Augustus). He composed in the traditional Homeric meter of hexameters. In contrast to the Iliad and the Odyssey, the Aeneid, is considered the first great literary epic, while Homers epics are deemed works of oral poetry. Virgil constructed this epic at the request of Augustus, to glorify Rome whereas, Homer chose to create based on societal morals. Teen Suicide Essay The late art of the Roman republic is synonomous to the last stage of the Hellenistic art period of Greece. Most masterpieces of Roman art are Greek. Imitations were common at that time, due to the Roman admiration of Hellenistic artistry. Roman art greatly resembled Hellenistic art in both style and convention. As illustrated by the famous antique sculpture, Laocoon and His Sons. This group was discovered .

55 Boxing Idioms

55 Boxing Idioms 55 Boxing Idioms 55 Boxing Idioms By Mark Nichol Despite the waning popularity of pugilism, or the sweet science, as boxing is also called, the sport has contributed a number of colorful words, phrases, and expressions out of proportion to its current stature among athletic endeavors. Here is a list of idioms that originated in boxing and were subsequently extended to the world outside the square ring. 1. bare-knuckle: fierce or determined (from boxing done without gloves) 2. beat (someone) to the punch: accomplish something before someone else does 3. blow-by-blow: a detailed account (referring to commentary during a boxing match) 4. bob and weave: be evasive (as a boxer ducking to avoid an opponent’s blows) 5–6. come out fighting/swinging: be immediately aggressive or energetic 7–10. deliver/land a (knockout) blow/punch: hit 11. down and out: destitute (an analogy to a boxer who has been knocked down and remains motionless) 12–13. down/out for the count: defeated or overcome (as a boxer who has run out of time to stand up after being knocked down) 14–15. drop/take off the gloves: abandon civility (from the practice of using bare fists rather than gloves) 16. duke it out: argue (likely from dukes as rhyming slang for fists; â€Å"duke of Yorks† was substituted for forks as slang for fingers or hands) 17. glass jaw: vulnerability (from a reference to the target point on a boxer that is most fragile) 18. go down swinging: persist (from the notion of a boxer fighting up to the point at which he or she is knocked out) 19. have (someone) in your corner: have an ally (from the boxer’s support team, positioned in a corner of the ring) 20. heavy hitter: an influential person or other entity (from the term for a boxer who lands particularly hard punches) 21. heavyweight: see â€Å"heavy hitter† (from the boxing and wrestling weight class) 22. hit below the belt: act unfairly (from the act of landing a blow below an opponent’s waist) 23. in-fighting: conflict within a group (from the term for boxing close up) 24. keep (one’s) guard up: stay alert (from the idea of protecting one’s face with a gloved hand) 25. kisser: lips 26–28. knockout/KO: a decisive blow; a knockout is also a very attractive or impressive person 29. lead with (one’s) chin: take a risk (from the inadvisable act of exposing one’s chin) 30. lightweight: an insignificant person or entity (from the boxing and wrestling weight class) 31. low blow: a hurtful or unfair action or comment (see â€Å"below the belt†) 32. on the ropes: in trouble (an analogy to an exhausted boxer who is hanging onto a rope on the perimeter of the ring) 33. one-two punch: a combination or sequence of two impactful things 34. pull (one’s) punches: hold back from using full force or full resources (as when a boxer does not use his or her full strength) 35–36. punch-drunk/punchy: dazed or fatigued (from the notion of a boxer disoriented from receiving multiple blows) 37. put up your dukes: said by someone as an invitation to fight (see â€Å"duke it out†) 38. ringside seat: a position close to an incident or event or chain of events 39. roll with the punches: be flexible (from the idea of a boxer remaining in motion despite having received repeated blows) 40. round: one of a series of activities or events (from the name of a period of time during a boxing match) 41. saved by the bell: rescued from difficulty at the last moment (from the bell rung at the end of a round in boxing) 42. slap-happy: see â€Å"punch-drunk/punchy† 43. slugfest: a literally or figuratively combative event 44. spar: fight or dispute (from the term for a boxing maneuver, used in the phrases â€Å"sparring match† and â€Å"sparring partner†) 45. square off: prepare for conflict (from the tradition of boxers standing facing each other at the beginning of a match) 46. straight from the shoulder: direct and forthright (an analogy to a blow delivered using one’s full strength) 47. sucker punch: an unexpected blow 48. take a dive: fail (from the slang phrase referring to a boxer falling after being struck) 49. take it on the chin: stand up to criticism (from the idea of a boxer receiving a blow on the chin without falling) 50. the gloves are off: said when someone begins to act mercilessly (in reference to boxing without gloves) 51–53. put/throw/toss (one’s) hat into the ring: issue a challenge or indicate one’s interest in participating (from the custom of a challenger throwing his hat into a boxing ring when a boxer takes on random opponents) 54. throw in the towel: give up (from the custom of a member of a boxer’s support team tossing a towel into the ring to indicate that the boxer concedes defeat) 55. undercard: a subordinate activity or event in a series (from the term for the category of one or more boxing matches preceding the featured bout) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:25 Subordinating Conjunctions"Gratitude" or "Gratefulness"?The Two Sounds of G

Definition and Examples of an Anecdote

Definition and Examples of an Anecdote An anecdote is a brief narrative, a short account of an interesting or amusing incident usually intended to illustrate or support some point in an essay, article, or chapter of a book. Compare this to other literary terms, such as parable- where the whole story is a metaphor- and   vignette  (a brief descriptive story or account).  The terms adjective form is  anecdotal.   In  The Healing Heart: Antidotes to Panic and Helplessness, Norman Cousins wrote, The writer makes his living by  anecdotes. He searches them out and carves them as the raw materials of his profession. No hunter stalking his prey is more alert to the presence of his quarry than a writer looking for small incidents that cast a strong light on human behavior. Examples Consider the use of an anecdote to illustrate something like the literary version of a picture is worth a thousand words. For example, use anecdotes to show a persons character or state of mind: Albert Einstein:  There was something elusively whimsical about Einstein. It is illustrated by my favorite  anecdote  about him. In his first year in Princeton, on Christmas Eve, so the story goes, some children sang carols outside his house. Having finished, they knocked on his door and explained they were collecting money to buy Christmas presents. Einstein listened, then said, Wait a moment. He put on his scarf and overcoat and took his violin from its case. Then, joining the children as they went from door to door, he accompanied their singing of Silent Night on his violin.(Banesh Hoffman, My Friend, Albert Einstein.  Readers Digest, January 1968)Ralph Waldo Emerson:  In [Ralph Waldo] Emersons later years his memory began increasingly to fail. He used to refer to it as his naughty memory when it let him down. He would forget the names of things, and have to refer to them in a   circumlocutory  way, saying, for instance, the implement that cultivates the soil for plo w.(Reported in Clifton Fadiman, ed., The Little, Brown Book of Anecdotes, 1985) Brainstorm to Choose the Right Anecdote First, consider what you want to illustrate. Why do you want to use an anecdote in the story? Knowing this should help brainstorm the story to choose. Then make a list of random ideas. Just free-flow the thoughts onto the page. Examine your list. Will any be easy to present in clear and concise enough manner? Then sketch out the basics of the possible anecdote. Will it do the job? Will it bring extra layers of evidence or meaning to the point youre trying to convey? If so, develop it further. Set the scene and describe what happened. Dont get too long-winded with it, because youre just using this as an illustration to your larger idea. Transition to your main point, and hearken back to the anecdote where needed for emphasis. Anecdotal Evidence The expression  anecdotal evidence  refers to the use of particular instances or concrete  examples  to support a general  claim. Such information (sometimes referred to pejoratively as hearsay) may be compelling but does not, in itself, provide  proof. A person may have anecdotal evidence that going out in the cold with wet hair makes him or her sick, but correlation is not the same as causation.

Saudi Arabia - Pestle Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Saudi Arabia - Pestle Analysis - Research Paper Example Political Factors After the recent uprisings in the Middle East, regime stability in the region is under serious threat. Even though there are no serious threats in the near future, Saudi Arabia’s long-term stability has been questioned. The country is facing a dual problem of responding to the pressures of a reform and also having to counter extremist violence in the region. Saudi Arabia has developed a strong Islamic self-identity. Numerous Islamist groups have known to have made the country their home and also they are being funded by affluent Saudis (BBC, 2012). Since recent extremist attacks, political reform has garnered great support. Even though there were elections held in 2005, democracy was not exercised to the fullest as political parties were banned and women were not allowed to vote. Protesters opposing in public call for the risk of arrests and it is from outside the country that the opposition functions. If there would be an uprising similar to the ones in the region, then that would mean disaster for political stability (BBC, 2012). In the near future, political stability is not threatened and the government has taken various steps to ensure citizens are happy. Government spending and wages have increased greatly in the last couple of years. Also, Saudi Arabia is the largest oil exporter in the world, its internal stability is of prime importance to international powers and hence international is expected to take all measures to ensure stability in the country (Zand, 2011). As mentioned, many reforms have been announced on all fronts by the government with a vision to strike balance between modernization and Islamic wisdom (Shaheen, 2010). Freedom of speech has come of age in the recent years, even though there are constraints. The Kingdom’s policies encourage foreign investment and active participation of foreign companies. There are no restrictions on the movement of capital in and out of the country. Foreign investments enjoy t he same benefits (such as tax exemptions, customs duties, etc) as that of national capital as long as they are in accordance with the Foreign Capital Investment Code. A drawback here is that investment should be economic development projects and should accompany technical knowledge (Saudia-Online, 2010). Overall, the country is politically stable and is attractive in business terms but businesses must closely keep an eye on the movements that can influence long-term political stability. Economic Factors The current business cycle stage of Saudi Arabia is that of a retrenchment and restructuring cycle similar to the one witnessed in between 1996 to 2002. In the earlier phase, major restructuring and reforms took place. The major focus of the government was to ensure that key driver of growth was the private sector.

The world history Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The world history - Essay Example Human rights are rights inherent to all people whatever the nationality, race, ethnic origins, national, colour, religion or any other status. The horrors that followed World War II reaffirmed the demands of early twentieth-century internationalists to establish a Universal Bill of Human Rights. It would require â€Å"every nation to recognize the equal right of every individual on its territory of life, liberty and property, religious freedom and the use of his language† (Davies 110). The Universal Declaration of Human Rights has been integral in anticipating future needs and problems of the coming generations on matters concerning human rights and self-determination. This paper tries to analyse the significance of the declaration in anticipating of these needs, as well as its failures in the same. The period following the Second World War II (more than half a century ago) has seen an improvement in the protection of universal of Human Rights through the success is still being bogged down by several factors. The universal Of Declaration of Human document contains a total of thirty articles each characterising the individual human rights and freedoms. The declaration was a precursor to other binding human rights conventions and agreements. The Convention on the Elimination of All Types of Racial Discrimination and the ICESR are examples. The declaration has served as a preventative tool in various ways. The declaration articulates the philosophy that human rights education empowers individuals to contribute to the prevention of human rights abuses through the building of a culture of human rights. Article 4 of the declaration acknowledges the preventative power of Human rights education through combating of discrimination, racism, harmful attitudes and practices as well as hatr ed (Elkins, Tom and James 50). This article pre-empted the various atrocities that were to

Technological Innovation in Indian Banking Sector Essay Example for Free

Technological Innovation in Indian Banking Sector Essay TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION IN INDIAN BANKING SECTOR – USE OF IT PRODUCTS Dr. Kanhaiya Singh, Professor, Fore School of Management, New Delhi,India Dr. U. S. Pandey, Associate Professor University of Delhi, New Delhi, India Priya Gupta, Asst. Professor, SSCBS, University of Delhi, Research Scholar, BIT(Mesra) Ranchi ABSTRACT Transformation is taking in Indian banks from all verticals, and subtle and not – so – subtle makeovers in banking products are dynamically altering the face of banking. The research paper focuses on the way transformation is affecting the banking sector and the way use of IT products have changed the face of banking in India. It reveals current environment of the banking industry; the factors that have brought changes in the industry; and the way these changes have contributed to the development of banking. This paper concludes that financial market has turned into a buyer’s market. Banks are have now bloomed into one-stop Supermarkets. Their focus is shifting from mass Banking to Class banking with introduction of value added and customized products. Technology now allows banks to create what looks like a branch in a business building’s lobby without having to hire manpower for manual operations. These branches are working on the concept of 24 X 7 working made possible due to Tele banking, ATMs, Internet Banking, Mobile Banking and E banking. This technology driven delivery channels are used to reach maximum customers at lower cost and in most efficient manner. The beauty of these banking innovations is that it puts both banker and customer in a winwin situation. The need of an hour is to design a system to promote marginal efficiency of investment in technology and widen the gap between marginal benefits and marginal cost involved in Banking transformation with special reference to technological up gradation. Keywords: CRM, ECS, Skimming, Spoofing, ATMs INTRODUCTION The study presents a broad overview of the current state of the  banking industry in India. It then goes on to identify some important forces for change and some important forces resisting change. Attention is paid finally to growth path of banking sector with technological advancement. It is depicted that banking is going to be intensely competitive and complex. The best idea would be for the domestic banks to enhance mutual co-operation in order to create a healthier market order and raise the overall competitiveness of the industry as a whole. Incorporation of advanced technology and International Journal of Management and Strategy ISSN: 2231-0703 International Journal of Management and Strategy (IJMS) 2011, Vol. No.II, Issue II, January-June 2011 http://www.myresearchpie.com/ ISSN: 2231-0703  utilization of modern management techniques are other crucial aspects at which domestic banks should pay keen interest. Indian Banking Transformation – The Starting Point Since independence Indian banks have undergone through four major shifts which can categorized as pre reform (before 1991) and post reform period (after 1991): Pre-Reform period: A period of consolidation of banks up to 1966 A period of historic expansion in both geographical and functional terms from1966 to mid- 1980s A period of consolidation of branches from mid 1980s to 1991 These changes were policy induced but not driven by market forces. Post- Reform period Entry of technology in the Indian banking sector can be traced back to the Rangarajan Committee report, way back in the 1980s but during nineties, the banking sector witnessed various liberalization measures. New private sector and foreign banks emerged equipped with the latest technology. These banks opted for a different model of having a single centralized database through a network infrastructure, instead of having multiple databases for all their branches. These changes were market driven, having the influence especially of globalization. The crux is Indian banks have no control over developments  abroad but are subjected to their effects. Hence these changes were not the outcome of internal changes but of external changes. Deregulation has opened up new opportunities for banks to increase revenues by diversifying into investment banking, insurance, credit cards, mortgage financing, depository services, securitization, etc. Now all the banks have started with the concept of multi- channels, like ATMs, credit cards, debit cards, telephone/mobile banking, internet banking, call centers, etc. The role of banking is redefined from a mere financial intermediary to service provider of various financial services under one roof acting like a financial supermarket. International Journal of Management and Strategy ISSN: 2231-0703 International Journal of Management and Strategy (IJMS) 2011, Vol. No.II, Issue II, January-June 2011 http://www.myresearchpie.com/ ISSN: 2231-0703 Forces for change in Indian Banking: Underlying forces for change Developments in communication systems, coupled with blurring of differences between banks and non banks and globalization have aggravated the competitive environment. Technology became a key differentiator for the new private sector banks. The technological superiority helped these private sector banks to have upper edge over public sector banks. The traditional source of income (Net Interest margin = Interest Earned – Interest Expended) was compressed due to the pressure of competition. As a result commercial banks had to face the challenge of finding out new sources of income and curtailing overhead expenses. The operating conditions are different for private sector and public sector banks in India (wage bill, legacy of non-performing assets and extensive network of Public sector banks) which results in imperfect competition in the market. With increasing competition among banks, customers are also becoming more discerning and demanding. To meet customer expectations, banks will have to offer a broad range of  deposit, investment and credit products through diverse distribution channels including upgraded branches, ATMs, telephone and Internet. The mantra to attract and retain customers lies in efficient customer service including customized and value added products to meet various needs of individual customers as also to meet the need of diverse types of customers. Manifestation of underlying forces: Concern Issues: Use of technology to be increased substantially in banks to cope with rising volumes and reduce transaction costs and processing time. In Public Sector Banks, legacy systems and interoperability is a major hurdle in the integration of all delivery channels. A major problem of banks in India is the availability of excessive data, the relevance and quality of which are both suspect. The inculcation of a proper attitude towards technology adaptation and proper security systems is an urgent need of the hour. International Journal of Management and Strategy ISSN: 2231-0703 International Journal of Management and Strategy (IJMS) 2011, Vol. No.II, Issue II, January-June 2011 http://www.myresearchpie.com/ ISSN: 2231-0703 Very low level of computer literacy and the existing mind set of some senior bankers are road blocks in the IT implementation in banks to 100% level. It related security issues in Indian banks are also a matter of concern. Suggestions Recommendations: Better and cheaper access to basic infrastructure requirements such as power and telecommunications. Creation of customer awareness and education for technology adoption are imperative. The IT Act 2000 needs to implement in totality to handle legal issues. Set up an Electronic Banking Group to provide guiding principles for prudent risk management of e- banking activities E-security to be tackled efficiently so as to mitigate all the attendant risks. Convert branches into boutiques catering to the requirements of clients and re-engineer the  functions of branch banking using technology and delivery channels. BANKING INNOVATIONS Today we have electronic payment system along with currency notes. India‟s financial sector is moving towards a scenario, where it can have new instruments along with liquidity and safety. Important events in the evolution of new age payment systems in India Arrival of card- based payments- debit card, credit card- late 1980‟s and early 1990‟s. Introduction of Electronic Clearing Service (ECS) in late 1990‟s Introduction of Electronic Funds Transfer/ Special EFT (EFT/SEFT) in the early 2000‟s Real Time Gross Settlement (RTGS) was introduced in March 2004 International Journal of Management and Strategy ISSN: 2231-0703 International Journal of Management and Strategy (IJMS) 2011, Vol. No.II, Issue II, January-June 2011 http://www.myresearchpie.com/ ISSN: 2231-0703 Introduction of NEFT (National Electronic Funds Transfer)as a replacement for EFT/SEFT in 2005/06 Plan for implementation of cheque truncation system as a pilot program in New Delhi in 2007. Migration from cash and cheque based payment system, it has become a necessity to electronic fund transfer system on account of the following reasons: 1. Large volumes of transaction, 2. High cost of physical handling and storage of paper instruments. 3. Delay in realization is a common feature. 4. Finality of payment takes time because the physical movement of instruments in large volumes from branches to and from clearing house, and sorting them according to each bank branch at the center creates problems. RBI has taken two major steps to tackle this problem: Use Of Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR) technology was resorted to facilitate and expedite physical sorting of instruments using high-speed MICR sorters. There are about 40 MICR centers in India today. Introduction of Electronic Clearing Service. The ECS was the first version of „Electronic Payments‟ in India. It is a mode of electronic funds transfer from one bank account to another bank account using the mechanism of clearing house. It is very useful in case of bulk transfers from one account to many accounts or vice- versa. There are two types of ECS (Electronic Clearing Service) 1. ECS – credit 2. ECS- debit. International Journal of Management and Strategy ISSN: 2231-0703 International Journal of Management and Strategy (IJMS) 2011, Vol. No.II, Issue II, January-June 2011 http://www.myresearchpie.com/ ISSN: 2231-0703 ECS facility is available at more than 60 centers in India. The beneficiary has to maintain an account with one of the banks at ECS center in order to avail benefits of ECS. ECS- CREDIT Advantages of ECS to ultimate beneficiary are: No need to make frequent visits to bank for depositing physical paper instruments. No possibility of loss of instrument and fraudulent encashment No chance of delay or return in realization of proceeds as in the case of paper instruments. Benefits to Corporate bodies of ECS Save on administrative machinery for printing, dispatch and reconciliation Avoid the chance of loss of instruments in postal transit Avoid the chance of frauds due to fraudulent access to the paper instruments and encashment It can be ensured that the beneficiary‟s accounts get credited on a designated date. ECS DEBIT It is a scheme under which an account holder with a bank can authorize an ECS user to recover an amount at a prescribed frequency by raising a debit in his account. Utility service providers such as telephone companies, electricity boards, credit card collections, collection of loan installments by bank and financial institutions, and investment schemes such as mutual funds are eligible to participate in the ECS debit scheme.  Advantages of ECS debit scheme A. To the ultimate beneficiary is: Eliminates the need of physical visit and the trouble of standing in long queues for making payment There is no need to track down payments by last dates. International Journal of Management and Strategy ISSN: 2231-0703 International Journal of Management and Strategy (IJMS) 2011, Vol. No.II, Issue II, January-June 2011 http://www.myresearchpie.com/ ISSN: 2231-0703 B. To the corporate bodies and Institutions are: Saves on administrative machinery for collecting the cheques, monitoring their realization and reconciliation Better cash management Avoids chances of fraud Receives payments on a single date These schemes were introduced when Indian banking was in infant stage of its computerization hence cost benefits could not be maximized. EFT Electronic Fund transfer EFT scheme targeted one to one payments as an alternative to the use of cheques and drafts for remitting funds between bank accounts located at different centers. EFT encountered the problem of low level of computerization and connectivity in the Indian banking industry. Core Banking Solution CBS is a centralized platform, which creates environment where the entire bank‟s operations can be controlled, and run from a centralized hub. This creates a centralized customer database, which makes anytime, anywhere, anyway banking possible. Immediate advantages of CBS are: Faster and efficient customer service. Offering multiple delivery channels, like ATMs, Cards, mobile/Telephone Banking, internet Banking, Call centers, etc. Reducing the operational costs, through manpower saving and space saving. Centralizing the back end processes and reporting. International Journal of Management and Strategy ISSN: 2231-0703 International Journal of Management and Strategy (IJMS) 2011, Vol. No.II, Issue II, January-June 2011 http://www.myresearchpie.com/ ISSN: 2231-0703 Creating a customer profile database, it is a powerful tool for gaining competitive advantage through cross selling opportunities. Adoption of Risk management, by taking care of risk-monitoring and risk-reporting requirements. ATMs ATMs are an issue of survival for the banks and are becoming just another part of everyday life. Falling costs of machines and connectivity is a key factor contributing to the growth of ATM network. Banks have also been cutting costs and gaining synergies through ATM sharing agreements amongst themselves, for example: Cash Tree (Bank of India, Union Bank of India, Indian Bank, Dena Bank and Syndicate Bank) SBI, HDFC Bank, UTI Bank, Indian Bank and Andhra Bank ICICI Bank, Andhra Bank and Federal Bank Banks are now using ATMs for product promotion as banks market broader financial services to their captive audience of ATM users. But these facilities come with added problems when huge amount of money is withdrawn by large number of consumers in a market period (very short period of time). CRM Customer Relationship Management Solution is the set of methodologies and tools that help an enterprise manage customer relationships in an organized way finding, getting, and retaining customers. It helps to provide better customer service, increase customer revenues, discover new customers and sell products more effectively. CORPORATE INTERNET BANKING The Internet has initiated an electronic revolution in the global banking  sector. Its dynamic and flexible nature as well as its ubiquitous reach has helped in leveraging a variety of banking activities. The Internet has emerged as one of the major distribution channels of banking products and services for banks in the U.S and in European countries. Consumers International Journal of Management and Strategy ISSN: 2231-0703 International Journal of Management and Strategy (IJMS) 2011, Vol. No.II, Issue II, January-June 2011 http://www.myresearchpie.com/ ISSN: 2231-0703  are embracing the many benefits of Internet banking like improved customer access which facilitates the offering of more services, attract new customers and reduce customer attrition. Advantages of Internet Banking: A) Advantages to customers Banking from your desk: with e-banking services, one can actually carry out a number of transactions sitting on one‟s seat with just a few click. Net banking customers view their account balance and also open fixed deposits, transfer funds, pay electricity, telephone or mobile phones bills and much more. Instant information: The accounts of the customers are updated as soon as the transaction takes place i.e., the accounts show the information updated to the last second. This means if a cheque issued by you has been debited from your account in the morning, your account status will reflect this when you log in to your accounts in the afternoon as against the earlier updating at the end of the day. (B) Advantages to the banks Lesser personnel required: online banking has encouraged a chunk of people, though a smaller one to carry out most of their transactions from a distance. This has resulted in lesser pressure on the employees in terms of entertaining customers. Easy publicity: banks can easily pass on the information about their new avenues/schemes without any wastage of time. Customers interested in the schemes would revert back and can be attended to later. PAYMENT SYSTEMS BY RBI: Inter-bank Clearing System High Value Clearing System MICR Clearing System Government Securities Clearing System and Real Time Gross Settlement System International Journal of Management and Strategy ISSN: 2231-0703 International Journal of Management and Strategy (IJMS) 2011, Vol. No.II, Issue II, January-June 2011 http://www.myresearchpie.com/ ISSN: 2231-0703 Banks not only deal with corporate and individual but also they need to make payments to each other to settle the accounts arising of the transactions carried out for their customers, and also for borrowing or repayment, investments, sale and purchase of various assets. These payments have to be effected through their accounts maintained with the Reserve Bank of India. Real Time Gross Settlement System The inter Bank Payments handle large amounts of money. The RTGS system is one in which payment instructions between banks are processed and settled individually and continuously throughout the day. In India currently it covers more than 28,000 branches of banks. The attraction of RTGS is that the payee banks and their customers receive funds with certainty and finality during the same day enabling them to use the funds immediately without exposing themselves to risk. RTGS system, do not create credit risk for the receiving participant because they settle the each payment individually , as soon as it is accepted , liquidity risks remains, as well as the possibility of the risks being shifted outside the system .The security has to ensure that hacking is not possible at the site. RISK FACTORS The latest fraud which is considered as the safest method of crime without making physical injury is the Computer Frauds in Banks. Computerization of banks had started since 1994 in India. Reserve Bank of India has evolved working pattern for Local area Network and wide area Network by instituting different microwave stations so that money transactions could be carried out quickly and safely. The main banking tasks which computers perform are maintaining debit-credit records of accounts,  operating automated teller machines, and carry out electronic fund transfer, print out statements of accounts create periodic balance sheets etc. Internet facilities of computer have revolutionized international banking for fund transfer and for exchanging data of interest relating to banking and to carry out other banking functions and provides certain security to the customers by assigning different pin numbers and passwords. Computer depredations have by some been classified as: International Journal of Management and Strategy ISSN: 2231-0703 International Journal of Management and Strategy (IJMS) 2011, Vol. No.II, Issue II, January-June 2011 http://www.myresearchpie.com/ ISSN: 2231-0703 1. Computer frauds; and 2. Computer crimes Computer frauds are those involve embezzlement or defalcations achieved by tampering with computer data record or programme, etc. whereas computer crimes are those committed with a computer that is where a computer acts as a medium. The difference is however academic only. The three most common are: 1. Cheque Frauds The resolute growth of paper cheques coupled with the ready availability of latest printing technology has resulted in an alarming rise in cheque frauds in Indian banks. Cheques are widely used instruments across the globe. It is interesting to note that cheques as a payment mechanism are still having a dominant position, both in developed and developing countries. Banks have been working very hard to wean customers from paper cheques. Cheques are expensive to print, mail and process. Other problems associated with cheques are inherent manual – handling process, high costs for banks, and high transportation costs between parties. Concept and Magnitude of Cheque Frauds There are a variety of ways to categorize cheque frauds. One broad distinction is â€Å"internal† and â€Å"external†. Internal cheque fraud refers to schemes devised by insiders – employees responsible for creating, authorizing, or processing cheques. External cheque fraud refers to schemes  created by independent operators or by organized gangs. The most common forms of external fraud involves: a. Alteration of cheque details b. Creation of counterfeit cheques c. Forgery of cheques Physical Security Controls used are watermarks, high resolution micro printing, reflective holograms, and security inks etc.

Achilles :: Free Essay Writer

From the initial callousness and stubborn temper of Achilles in the first books of the Iliad to the eventual ‘humanization' of Achilles in his interaction with the grieving father of Hector, whom Achilles himself slew, the Iliad can be seen to chronicle the maturation of the Greek hero during the terrible battles of the Trojan War. Achilles is a hero in the epic sense, complete with flaws and bad qualities that round out the character, but with passions and convictions that any reader can relate to. Throughout the course of the Iliad, Homer creates the character of Achilles to be that kind of hero in every sense of the word. As the novel begins, we first meet with Achilles in his interaction with the great king, Agamemnon. It may be said that Achilles shows himself to be a horribly hard-headed individual, and this is obviously true. But, in this encounter with the powerful king, Achilles also shows some of his more respectable qualities; such as courage, honor, and a sense of justice. Achilles does not feel that it is right that he or the rest of the soldiers should be punished for the brashness of their commander. So, as the epic starts to unwind, Achilles is described as a strong-willed, though a bit hot tempered, man. It is in the following books that Achilles shows some of his not to desirable qualities, yet in these qualities the character of Achilles is ultimately developed. Homer describes the plot of Achilles to avenge his disgrace at the hand of Agamemnon. He has his mother, the goddess Thetis, ask Zeus to punish the Achaeans on behalf of her and Achilles. Zeus reluctantly agrees to this, and Achilles success in having the whole of his people subjected to a brutal and costly war to get his ‘revenge' on Agamemnon. As the Trojan War presses foreword, taking countless lives of both Trojan and Achaean alike, Achilles stands by and watches, unwilling to participate in the battle even when an apology from Agamemnon and pleading from his comrades is presented to him. He replies in this fashion, "Love him so well, and you may lose the love I bear you. You ought to help me rather in troubling those that trouble me; be king as much as I am, and share like honor with myself; the others shall take my answer; stay here yourself and sleep comfortably in your bed; at daybreak we will consider whether to remain or go.

Creative Writing (ADD) Essay

For most 14-year-olds, summertime is akin to being in paradise. No homework, no exams, no demanding teachers – just lots of time to relax with friends at the beach and even earn extra money from a part-time job. Indeed, if Christmas is for children, then summer is definitely for the teenagers. It is the season when a teen experiences many things for the first time – first job, first kiss, first beer, etc. Or so they say. If summer really is for the teen, then why am I in a stuffy classroom instead of in the beach? I am taking summer classes – for failing three subjects in the previous school year. And this is not the first time that this happened to me. Fluking subjects and attending summer classes as a result is already a yearly ritual for me. I sometimes think that I am like the rich people who have summer houses, except that mine is furnished with a blackboard, desks, chairs and lockers. But there are instances when not even humor can soften the hurt. Almost all my life, people have been telling me to â€Å"shut up† and calling me names such as â€Å"lazy,† â€Å"stupid† and â€Å"weird.† When I was a kid, my mom used to yell at me because she though that I was not listening to what she was saying to me. But I really was listening to her; it was just that I cannot make sense of what she was saying to me. Everyone at home now knows better than to ask me to do a chore. The only time they ask me to do one is when there really is nobody else who will do it. Perhaps it is because I cannot follow instructions. No matter how many times mom or dad tell me how to do something, I always end up bungling it. There were also instances when I just suddenly lose interest in a certain errand and leave it undone. A couple of months ago, mom asked me to prepare dinner because she was not feeling well. Despite myself, I really love to cook. Salads, one of my favorite foods, are my specialty. And so I chose to make vegetable salad and microwave some frozen fish fingers for dinner. I was already arranging sliced tomatoes in beds of lettuce when I decided to fix peanut butter and jelly sandwiches instead. But while preparing the sandwiches, I suddenly changed my mind again – I went to the living room and watched television. About half an hour later, mom went down to check if dinner was already done. What she saw really upset her – a large bowl of half-prepared salad, along with vegetable peelings and peanut butter and jelly spread on the kitchen counter. She called me from the living room and shouted that I was â€Å"no good† and that I was intentionally making things difficult for her. Although she was not feeling well, she had no choice but to make dinner herself. I ended up going to bed with an empty stomach – the episode robbed me of my appetite. School was much worse. I was nearly expelled from kindergarten because of my â€Å"disruptive behavior.† While the rest of the class was listening to the teacher read a story, I was staring out into the window. Things got worse as I got older. It was extremely difficult for me to focus on exams, homework and projects. I got low grades as a result – the most common complaint written on my report card was I needed to â€Å"focus on getting work done.† I likewise had difficulty making friends. Almost all of my classmates were annoyed at me for just intruding into their conversations. Some of them already told me to â€Å"shut up† right in front of my face. I know butting in is rude, but I cannot help but do it repeatedly. It is like I have a million ideas going inside my mind and I feel like I will explode if I do not open my mouth and share them with others, regardless of whether or not it is appropriate for me to do so. I want to do a lot of things for myself. I want to travel, meet new people and learn how to cook. I see myself becoming a chef in the future – a really good chef that specializes in Mexican food. I would also love to have pets, as I believe that they would make better friends than people. So many dreams, so many goals†¦ Now if only I could stop attending summer classes for good.

Domestic Violence In Todays Society - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1301 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/04/16 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Domestic Violence Essay Did you like this example? Domestic violence is a concerning matter in todays society. Imagine waking up in a home everyday where there is abuse, neglection, and so many other terrible situations. What about being afraid to go to sleep every night because of the uncertainty of what might happen? Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Domestic Violence In Todays Society" essay for you Create order Many lives and families have been affected by domestic violence. Children have been neglected and abused by parents and are suffering from the long-term effects. Stress, mental disorders, and so many more issues are being put on children today that could be completely avoided if parental rights were not put before a childs protection. The rights of parents are being put over child protection, and the children are receiving unacceptable impacts because of the issue. Although many laws, lawyers, and judges fight for an advocate for children, parental rights should not come before child protection. The statistics and rates of domestic violence have gone up tremendously. According to Gallagher, a proportion of all violent crimes are significantly high in the area of domestic violence. This author indicates that 16 percent of all accidents ever reported have been domestic violence, and 85 percent have been against just women alone (55). Also, the quality of the relationship between the parent and the child is affected by domestic violence. Children may experience affects such as anxiety or fear, and the cause of this is an insecure attachment bond between the mother and the child (56). Domestic violence has many different stages. According to Ortiz, the different stages of domestic violence are physical abuse, sexual abuse and rape, emotional and psychological abuse, homicide, forced prostitution, and the list goes on (40-41). Women and children are being abused and mistreated daily. Individuals could take precautions such as avoiding the situation as best as possible, getting out of the home, reporting the incident to higher authorities. The numbers for domestic violence are continuously going up, but with the work of many individuals, the matter can be stopped. The horrors of domestic violence do not stop with just physical abuse. Neglection is a leading factor that is very common with this issue as well. Buchanan et al. mentions that children are being neglected and pushed to the side because the mothers are too busy trying to protect rather than nurture (713). Children need the love and comfort from a mother. Buchanan et al. also points out that there is an attachment between a mother and a baby at the time of birth. The babys brain development is affected by this and so many other factors such as the childs well being (713). Children also tend to form health disorders and are more prone to stress when living in environments where domestic violence is present. Buntson explains the terrors and damage domestic violence can do to a child: The prevalence of violence within families is considered to be endemic at levels across the world. Relational trauma and exposure to toxic stressin utero and perinatallyhas been shown to have enduring and detrimental impacts across development within the early years, childhood, and beyond, significantly increasing the development of mental health disorders (1). The facts are clear that children develop stress and disorders because of all the tension in the homes. Not only are the children being affected, but the mothers are being affected as well. Buchanan et al. exclaims that mothers from an experiment tell how they feel their children are not as supported as they should, isolated, and fear the children are not safe. Mothers also experience personal effects. Following the birth of their babies, none of the women in the study received emotional or practical support from their partners (Buchanan et al. 717). Mothers need support from the spouse to be able to give the child everything needed. Domestic violence occurs in all countries. Domestic violence has been identified as occurring across all regions, ethnicities, cultures, ages, and economic statuses (Ghani 104). This quote provides evidence that domestic violence can affect anyone no matter the age, race, social status, culture, or ethnicity. Multiple types of abuse are portaken in on a daily basis. The men are not the only individuals in the homes that participate in domestic violence. Fathers or males in the homes contribute the most in domestic violence, but mothers are also a large contributing factor. According to Zimmerman, 70 percent of the time women are the perpetrators of the situations (60). Men can be affected just like women can through domestic violence. Women can do just as much damage, if not more than a man can do. Zimmerman indicates that women are just as violent in intimate situations as any male would be (62). Punishment and violence are two completely different subjects. Punishment can be taken extremely too far in some situations. The authority to discipline a child determined whether a violation of a childs bodily integrity was a legal act of correction or a physical assault punishable under the Criminal Code (Elder 54-55). Both parents, mother and father, are contributors in domestic violence. Afifi et al. provides the information that many factors such as child maltreatment, sexual and physical abuse, and many others are associated with poor maltreatment and development of children (1). Many contributors to domestic violence are in the homes. Many programs have been made to help assist children and mothers who are and have been affected by domestic violence. Children and mothers need all the support and comfort that can be given while facing times such as these. Zannettino and McLaren explain that most of the programs are based off of finding and addressing safety for children. Not only that, but some programs help solely with developmental needs. Programs are a tremendous help to those affected by domestic violence (421). These authors also point out the differences in child protection and domestic violence sectors. The only difference between government programs and sectors is that children or mothers are not as well served by the sectors such as womens domestic violence services or child protection authorities (421). Two different types of programs are available today for children and mothers seeking help from domestic violence. Although many programs try to help regulate domestic violence, the efforts are not where they are needed. Many individuals are opposed to the the term domestic violence. Many lives have been terribly affected by this matter. However, some individuals believe otherwise. Some are led to believe that different cultures and areas have an affect on domestic violence. According to Little, one main feature is the influences of tradition. Many cultures carry out the tradition of masculinity. The superior forms of masculinity are partaken in within many areas and cultures (480). Males in other countries or other cultures tend to practice what feels natural, and in this case it is domestic violence (485). Domestic violence tends to be a part of an individuals life for so long, and the individual knows nothing but this. Tradition is sometimes hard to break; however, it is not right to use that as a crutch. Domestic violence is crucial thing to face. Individuals should not have to go through or deal with this matter. Domestic violence is a very common issue in todays time. Children and women are waking up in homes every morning uncertain of what the day will bring. Violence is accepted in many forms and places. Domestic violence causes controversy between families and many disorders and other trying factors for children and mothers. Children are being neglected, beaten, forgotten, and pushed to the side because there is no help for them. Mothers are not giving children the love and support that is needed. Parents are taking punishment way over the limit. Domestic violence is something children or mothers are facing more and more as society moves on. Even though many laws, lawyers, and other superiors fight for children on a daily basis, parental rights should not come before the protection of a child.